Soaking it Up

Sheehan Haulage & Plant Hire recently enhanced its construction and demolition debris recycling infrastructure in Oxford, United Kingdom, following a multi-million dollar investment in a new wet processing plant from U.K.-based CDE Global.

Persistence was the key to success in this instance as the result of an extended planning and appeals process. The Sheehan Group originally proposed the new recycling plant in May 2006 and the plant was finally commissioned in June 2012.

“We knew that there was a need for investment in more advanced recycling technology for construction and demolition waste in the Oxford area and have fought for the last five years to have this recognized,” says Chris Sheehan, managing director of The Sheehan Group. “While we regret the loss of 500,000 metric tons of C&D waste recycling due to the planning process, we are now pleased to say that the new plant offers our customers a greatly improved product offer with a wide range of high value applications.”

The new facility is located at the Dix Pit complex in Stanton Harcourt which covers approximately 150 hectares (370 acres). The site has previously been used as a sand and gravel deposit and today The Sheehan Group has a variety of industrial and commercial neighbors including a batching plant and a household recycling center. In addition to the supply of sustainable aggregates and construction materials, The Sheehan Group also is a groundwork and civil engineering contractor as well as being involved with plant hire and waste removal and reclamation.

Maximizing material recovery
Before operating from the Dix Pit complex, The Sheehan Group had an existing recycling facility at Slape Hill, near the village of Woodstock on which the lease expires in 2014. This facility employed dry crushing and screening to process 60,000 metric tons per year of construction and demolition waste which was primarily applied in low value applications such as cover or general fill. “The enhanced recycling capability that our new washing plant offers enables us to progress this material up the waste hierarchy and offer a real alternative to virgin aggregates,” explains Tara Sheehan, financial controller with The Sheehan Group.

All of the C&D material that The Sheehan Group handle is now processed through the new CDE washing plant at Dix Pit with the license permitting 100,000 metric tons per year. In addition to the 60,000 metric tons of material processed at the previous site, an additional 50,000 metric tons was being sent to landfill each year as a result of the limited capability of the crushing and dry screening plant. “Getting the washing plant up and running earlier would have saved us sending this large volume of material to landfill for the last five years,” says Chris Sheehan. “The advanced processing methods that we have introduced maximize material recovery when compared to dry processing, which is why we fought so hard to win the right the install the new plant.”

The primary source of feed material for the Dix Pit plant is within Oxfordshire with a smaller amount coming from surrounding counties such as Buckinghamshire. External haulers are bringing material from the fringes of greater London.

The Process
The washing plant contains a range of equipment from the CDE product portfolio including a feed system, AggMax portable logwasher, Prograde aggregate screens and Evowash sand washing plant. In addition, the system employs full closed circuit water recycling with the inclusion of the Aquacycle thickener and GHT Filter Press.

Scrubbed aggregates are delivered to the dewatering screen (pictured) for a final rinse before the aggregate sizing phase.

As material is delivered to the plant, an overband magnet on the feed conveyor removes any metals before it is sent to the AggMax. This involves four stages of processing on a single unit pre-screening, attrition, trash removal and aggregate dewatering.

The pre-screening stage allows for any minus 5 millimeter particles to be liberated and delivered to the sand washing phase. The plus-5-millimeter aggregate material enters the integrated Rotomax logwasher and is subjected to a high level of attrition from the twin shaft machine. This further liberates more minus 5 millimeter material while also floating off any lightweight contamination at the rear of the unit. This is subsequently dewatered on the trash screen and while the trash material—plastics, polystyrene, rubber, wood—is discharged into a bay, the minus-5-millimeter material and waste water are also sent to the Evowash sand washing plant to maximize recovery of the sand fraction.

As the scrubbed aggregates are discharged from the Rotomax, they are delivered to a dewatering screen where they are given a final rinse before being sent to the aggregate sizing phase. On this project, a Prograde P275 dry sizing screen produces four recycled aggregate products: 5 to 10 millimeter; 10 to 20 millimeter; 20 to 40 millimeter; and plus-40 millimeter. The minus 5 millimeter material is washed to produce two recycled sand products via the Evowash 102 dual sand plant.

The water treatment phase first involves the Aquacycle thickener which receives waste water from the Evowash containing the minus-63-micron particles. The Aquacycle design allows for high-rate settlement of these fine particles to the bottom of the thickener tank while the recycled water overflows to a concrete water recirculation tank before being recycled to the washing plant. A lightweights removal screen ensures that any material such as polystyrene that has not been captured does not re-enter the water circuit.

The settled sludge from the Aquacycle thickener is then delivered to a concrete buffer tank before being sent to the GHT Filter Press to maximize water recycling. In this instance, the filter press is made up of 140 plates which press the sludge at extremely high pressure to remove the maximum volume of water. The waste material is then compressed to a filter cake containing 90 percent dry solids content which is dropped from the filter press into a bay below.

The results
Fully operational since June 2012, The Sheehan Group reports that the new washing plant has achieved what was intended of it with all of the recycled sand and aggregate products proving very popular with customers. The end uses for the material to date have included pipe bedding, drainage material and paving. The recycled sands are being applied in concrete manufacture and concrete block making.

Approximately 50 percent of the material is used by The Sheehan Group on its own construction and civil engineering projects with the remaining 50 percent sold to the local private construction market. “We are transporting material within a 25-mile radius when using it on our own projects, but haulers collecting material ex-pit are moving it further than this,” explains Chris Sheehan. “All the demand at the minute has come from the private sector but we are currently tendering with various local authorities in the hope that they will come on board and embrace the use of recycled materials on their own projects.”

Expanding on this, Tara Sheehan believes that the increased focus on sustainability and ethically sound operations is also having an effect on demand. “We have noticed among the private sector contractors that those operating within the Considerate Constructors Scheme have been very receptive to the idea of using more recycled materials,” she explains. “They see it is a way of reinforcing their position as leading the industry in relation to the sustainability agenda.”

In contrast, the level of interest from the local quarry operators has not been as strong. “Several local operators have visited the new plant and sampled material, but we don’t have any firm commitments to purchase recycled materials,” Chris Sheehan says. “Given the business case that exists for recycled material, not to mention the potential that it offers for us to protect aggregate supply for the long term, I am surprised at this approach.”

The Dix Pit site was opened to the public Sept. 11-14, 2012 as the Sheehan Group and CDE Global combined an Open Week event.

This story was submitted by U.K.-based equipment company CDE Global and C&D recycling company, Sheehan Haulage & Plant Hire. More information about the companies is available at www.cdeglobal.com and at www.sheehancontractors.co.uk.